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| Fabric Identifications |
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Burn test is considered the best method for unknown fabric identification. By doing burn test you will be able to determine if the fabric is a natural fiber, man made fiber, or a blend of natural and man made fibers. It is popularly used by many fabric stores and designers. But it takes practice to determine the quality of fabric or fabric content.
You should take note that burn test should only be done by skilled burners and precautionary measures must be taken before test such as keeping bucket of water nearby and burning in a metal bucket or non plastic bucket..
Generally all fibers burn, only asbestos treated fibers for the most part fire proof. Only a small piece of fabric should be used for burn process. And it should be done with caution. Fabric should be holded with tweezers and not with fingers. Burn the fabric over a metal dish with soda in the bottom or water in the bottom of the dish. You can observe that some fabrics ignite and melt.
Even an inexperienced person can determine the difference between many fibers to and find out weather the fibers are natural or man made. We are giving necessary information below to decide the type of the fabric.
Since cotton is a plant fiber so when it is ignited it burns with a steady flame. The smell of burning cotton fiber will be like smell of burning leaves. Ash left of cotton fiber is easily crumbled.
If the burn process is applied on linen which is also a plant fiber, it takes longer time then cotton fiber to ignite. It's ash is also very brittle. So you can easily identify linen as it extinguishes by blowing on as you you can see by using it in a candle.
Silk when undergoes burn process it burns readily. It is not necessary weather it will burn with steady flame but it smells like burning hair. Silk fiber's ash is easily crumbled. It is not as easily extinguished as cotton or linen fabric.
Wool can also be identified by burn process. It is a protein fiber but harder to ignite than silk. The flame of silk fiber is steady but it has difficulty in continues burning. Burning wool fiber smells like burning hair.
Man made fiber's can also be identified by burn process, like Acetate which burns readily with a flickering flame and cannot be easily extinguished. After burning it drips and leaves a hard ash.
Nylon which is another man made fiber, melts and then burns rapidly if the flame remains on the melted nylon fiber. Burned nylon smells like burning plastic.
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